I need a research Paper Outline Assignment Answer The grading rubric is in the downloaded files
PPOG 502 Research Paper: Outline Assignment Instructions Overview In this assignment, you will restate the Topic Proposal, in summary form, and provide the References List again (with any changes you have made to either of these) and add an outline showing the structure of the Research Paper. All these elements may change as you write the Research Paper: Final Assignment, but this should demonstrate that you have a clear idea of the direction of the paper and how it will take shape. Instructions The outline assignment should meet the following requirements: No title page is required. Include your name and “Research Paper: Outline Assignment” at the top of the page. Include at least two or three sentences at the top of the page clearly stating the paper topic, reflecting any revisions you may have made. References should appear after the outline. As before, the references listed here should include at least 5 scholarly references, other than the assigned texts for this class. Texts assigned for this class may be used, but they do not count toward the minimum of 5 references. At least 3 of the references must be from the economics literature. While you may use older, classic references, at least 2 of your references should be of more recent scholarship (e.g., the last 20 years). The entire submission, including topic statement and references, should total 400–800 words. The outline should be about 1 page of the submitted document. The references should be listed in APA style.
I need a research Paper Outline Assignment Answer The grading rubric is in the downloaded files
Criteria Ratings Points Topic Proposal 10 to >8 pts Advanced Topic proposal is clearly stated, focused, and realistic, and reflects any feedback provided on the earlier topic proposal. 8 to >6 pts Proficient Topic may lack clarity or focus, and/or may insufficiently address any feedback provided on the earlier topic proposal. 6 to >0 pts Developing Topic may lack clarity or focus, and needs substantial further development. 0 pts Not Present 10 pts Content and References 25 to >22 pts Advanced Content was consistent with the topic proposal, showing adequate development; at least five supporting scholarly references were listed, reflecting any feedback provided on the earlier references list. 22 to >20 pts Proficient Content was consistent with the proposal, but needed more detail, and five references were included, but one or two lacked scholarly quality. 20 to >0 pts Developing Content may be inconsistent with was described in the topic proposal; fewer than five references were included, and/or three or more lacked scholarly quality. 0 pts Not Present 25 pts Organization and Structure 5 to >3 pts Advanced The outline was well-organized and multi-level, using a standard form with numerals and letters (not bullet points). 3 to >1 pts Proficient Outline was generally well-organized, but may have used bullet points or other elements inconsistent with good outline form. 1 to >0 pts Developing Outline lacked coherent organization, or was underdeveloped, lacking sub-categories. 0 pts Not Present 5 pts Grammar, Spelling, Style, APA 5 to >3 pts Advanced Entire document had only a few minor grammatical and/or spelling errors, using APA format correctly. The document was written in an academic tone, without use of slang, contractions, or other informalities. 3 to >1 pts Proficient Grammar and spelling were generally good, and the use of APA format displayed few errors. Informalities in the document were minor and did not distract from the content. 1 to >0 pts Developing Document had significant grammatical, spelling, or formatting problems, and/or had stylistic problems such as use of slang, contractions, and other informalities or unscholarly tone throughout the document. 0 pts Not Present 5 pts Research Paper: Outline Grading Rubric | PPOG502_B01_202330 Criteria Ratings Points Adequate Length 5 to >3 pts Advanced Entire document was at least 360 words (90% of required minimum). 3 to >1 pts Proficient Entire document was less than 360 but more than 250 words. 1 to >0 pts Developing Entire document was less than 250 words . 0 pts Not Present 5 pts Total Points: 50 Research Paper: Outline Grading Rubric | PPOG502_B01_202330
I need a research Paper Outline Assignment Answer The grading rubric is in the downloaded files
Last updated 9/13/22 Timothy Terrell [email protected] Selected Minimum Wage Scholarly Papers Beauchamp, Andrew, and Stacey Chan. 2013. “The Minimum Wage and Crime,” B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy 14, no. 3. https://www2.bc.edu/andrew -beauchamp/crimemw_5_4_12.pdf “A growing body of empirical evidence indicates that inc reases in the minimum wage have a displacement effect on low -skilled workers. …[W] orkers who are affected by a change in the minimum wage are more likely to commit crime, become idle, and lose employment. Further, there is an increase of property theft amo ng both unemployed and employed individuals, suggesting that reduced employment effects dominate any wage effects.” Bossler, M ario , and H ans -Dieter Gerner. 2020. “Employment Effects of the New German Minimum Wage: Evidence from Establishment -Level Microdata,” ILR Review 73, no. 5: 1070 –94. Also available at https://journals.sagepub.com/d oi/pdf/10.1177/0019793919889635 “The authors present the first evidence on the consequences of the new statutory minimum wage in Germany, which was implemented on January 1, 2015. …A difference -in-differences estimation reveals an increase in average wag es between 3.8% and 6.3% and an employment loss by approximately 1.7% in establishments affected by the minimum wage. These estimates imply a labor demand elasticity with respect to wages ranging between – 0.2 and –0.4.” Burke, Debra, Joseph Long, and Step hen Miller. 2011. “Minimum Wage and Unemployment Rates: A Study of Contiguous Counties,” Gonzaga Law Review . Also available at: https://asp.mercatus.org/publications/minimum -wage -and -unemployment -rates -study – contiguous -counties “[T]here is a strong correlation between a higher legislated minimum wage rate and a higher unemployment rate.” Clemens, Jeffrey, and Michael Wither. 2019. “The Minimum Wage and the Great Recession: Evidence of Effects on the Employment and Income Trajectories of Low -Skilled Workers,” Journal of Public Economics 170: 53 –67. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272719300052 “…we find that binding minimum wage increases had significant, negative effects on the employment and income growth of targeted workers. […] In aggregate, our esti mates suggest that this period’s minimum wage increases reduced aggregate employment rates by at least half of a percentage point in states that were bound by the federal minimum wage increases.” Last updated 9/13/22 Timothy Terrell [email protected] Clemens, Jeffrey. 2021. “How Do Firms Respond to Minimum Wa ge Increases? Understanding the Relevance of Non -employment Margins,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 35, no. 1: 51 –72. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.35.1.51 “This paper discusses non -employment margins through which firms may respond to minimum wage increases. Margins of interest include evasion, output prices, noncash compensation, job attributes including effort requirements, the firm’s mix of low – and high – skilled labor, and the firm’s mix of labor and capital.” Fone, Zachary S., Joseph J. Sabia, and Resul Cesur. 2020. “Do Minimum Wage Increases Reduce Crime? NBER Working Paper 25647. https://doi.org/10.3386/w25647 “[O]ur results provide no evidence that minimum wage increases reduce arrests. Instead, we find that raising the minimum wage increases property crime arrests among 16 -to-24 – year -olds, with an estimated elasticity of approximately 0.2. …Our estimates suggest that a $15 Federal minimum wage could generate criminal externality costs of nearly $2.5 billion.” Jardim, Ekaterina, Mark C. Long, Robert Plotnick, Emma van Inwegen, Jacob Vigdor, and Hilary Wething. 2022. “Minimum -Wage Increases and Low -Wage Employment: Evidence from Seattle.” American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 14, no. 2: 263 –314. https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20180578 “Seattle raised its minimum wage to as much as $11 in 2015 and as much as $13 in 2016. …Relative to outlying regions of the state identified by the synthetic control method, agg regate employment at wages less than twice the original minimum — measured by total hours worked — declined….” […] “Analyses suggest aggregate employment elasticities in the range of –0.2 to –2.0, concentrated on the intensive margin in the short run and large st among inexperienced workers.” Neumark, David, J.M. Ian Salas, and William Wascher. 2013. “Revisiting the Minimum Wage – Employment Debate: Throwing Out the Baby with the Bathwater?” NBER Working Paper 18681. https://www.nber.org/papers/w18681 “[N] ew evidence based on methods that let the data identify the appropriate control groups leads to stronger evidence of disemployment effects, with teen employment elasticities near -0.3, We conclude that the evidence still shows that minimum wages pose a tradeoff of higher wages for some against job losses for others….” Last updated 9/13/22 Timothy Terrell [email protected] Neumark, David. 2015. “The Effects of Minimum Wages on Employment,” FRBSF Economic Letter 2015 -37. https://www.frbsf.org/economic -research/publications/economic – letter/2015/december/effects -of-minimum -wage -on -employment/ “[A] reasonable estimate based on the evidence is that current minimum wages have directly reduced the number of jobs nationally by about 100,000 to 200,000, relative to the period just before the Great Recession. This is a small drop in aggregate employment tha t should be weighed against increased earnings for still -employed workers because of higher minimum wages.” Neumark, David, and Cortnie Shupe. 2018. “Declining Teen Employment: Minimum Wages, Other Explanations, and Implications for Human Capital Investm ent,” Mercatus Working Paper https://www.mercatus.org/system/files/neumark -teen -employment -mercatus -working -paper – v1.pdf “We find that higher minimum wages are the predominant factor explaining changes in the schooling and workforce behavior of those age 16 -17 since 2000. …Higher minimum wages have led both to fewer teens in school and employed at the same times, and to more teens in school but not employed…. [T]he evidence points to adverse effects on longer -run earnings for those exposed to these higher minimum wages as teenagers.” Neumark , David, and Peter Shirley. 2021. “Myth or Measurement: What does the New Minimum Wage Research Say about Minimum Wages and Job Loss in the United States?” National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 28388. https://www.nber.org/papers/w28388 “Our key conclusions are: (i) there is a clear preponderance of negative [employment] estimates in the literature; (ii) this evidence is stronger for teens and young adults as well as the less -educated; (iii) th e evidence from studies of directly -affected workers points even more strongly to negative employment effects; and (iv) the evidence from studies of low – wage industries is less one -sided.” Sabia, Joseph J. 2006. “The Effect of Minimum Wage Increases on Re tail and Small Business Employment.” Employment Policies Institute. https://www.epionline.org/wp -content/studies/sabia_05 -2006.pdf “A 10 percent increase in the minimum wage is associated with a 4.6 to 9.0 percent decline in teenage employment in small businesses and a 4.8 to 8.8 percent reduction in hours worked by teens in the retail sector.” Skarbek, David, Emily Skarbek, Brian Skarbek, and Erin Skarbek. 2012. “Sweatshops, O pportunity Costs, and Non -Monetary Compensation: Evidence from El Salvador,” American Journal of Last updated 9/13/22 Timothy Terrell [email protected] Economics and Sociology 71, no. 3: 539 –561. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1 111/j.1536 -7150.2012.00827.x?casa_token= – yvHhWkt3jQAAAAA%3A1P5mHPoD035i4_3WDkuRr2fbzk_W2zYE2xhzAusw2McokMCFTOUdPjLE HGudEjcigD4qn4ri021IFY58 “[R]equiring employers to meet certain wage levels, working conditions, or benefits programs can do substantial harm to poor workers by eliminating their most preferred employments. For example, Harrison and Scorse (2010) find large, negative effects on aggregate manufacturing employment from the imposition of a higher minimum wage motivated by the US government’s threa t to withdraw special tariff privileges because of human rights issues.”