In 1,250-1,500 words, do the following: Describe some of the theoretical best practices for restorative justice, crime prevention, and corrections.Explain how the theoretical best practices are, and a
Sub m is sio n I d e: 1 f6 9c1 e2 -8 3b 3-4 637 -9 92 0-0 fe d a0 f8 65c8 68 % SIM IL A RIT Y S C O RE 13   CIT A TIO N I T E M S 23   GRA M MAR I S SU E S 0   F EED BA C K C O M MEN T In te rn et S ourc e   2 % In stitu tio n   66 % Britn ey C oole y Ben ch m ark – C om parin g T heo re ti c al B est P ra cti c es to A ctu al P ra cti c es S um mary   137 9 W ord s   TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 1 TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 2  Red und ant p hra se : so m e o f th e  so m e The t h eo re tic a l b est p ra ctic es Brit n ey C oole y Gra n d C an yon U niv ers it y Augu st 2 5, 2 02 2 1. Desc r ib e so m e of th e th eo retic a l best pra ctic e s fo r resto ra tiv e ju stic e , cr im e prev en tio n , a n d c o rrectio n s. Theo re tic a l best pra ctic es fo r co rre ctio n s, crim e pre v en tio n , an d re sto ra tiv e ju stic e are TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 3 pra ctic es of re sto ra tiv e ju stic e are sig n if ic a n t sin ce it aim s at mak in g offe n ders re a liz e th eir actio n s, b rin g r e co n cilia tio n , a n d s o lv e c o n flic ts . Crim e pre v en tio n en ta ils atte m pts aim in g at re d u ce crim e. Crim e pre v en tio n is desig n ed fo r in te rv en tio n to decre a se crie s in th e sh ort te rm th ro u gh decre a sin g crim in al pro pen sit y . There fo re , th eo re tic a l best pra ctic es of crim e pre v en tio n are an y actio n s th at ca n be ta k en to dete r or re d u ce crim e in so cie ty . Gav rie lid es (2 01 8), th e sit u atio n al th eo ry of crim e pre v en tio n crim in al beh av io r is a re su lt of th e actio n alt e rn ativ es perc eiv ed by an in div id u al. Perc ep tio n lin ks in div id u als an d th eir en vir o n m en t. The sit u atio n al th eo ry su ggests th at in div id u als may se e crim e as th e on ly way ou t of certa in sit u atio n s an d hen ce ex ecu te th e crim in al actio n s du e to a tr ig ger by te m pta tio n or pro voca tio n . The best pra ctic es of crim e pre v en tio n co n sid er th ese fa cto rs an d su ggest way s in whic h crim es th at occu r in th ese ty pes of co n dit io n s an d en vir o n m en ts ca n be pre v en te d (Z hen g 202 1). Due to th ese re a so n s, dif fe re n t crim e pre v en tio n mech an is m s are su ggeste d . These mech an is m s en ta il main ta in in g an d re se a rc h in g norm ativ e barrie rs whic h ca n re d u ce crim es. Cre a tin g se rio u s pu nis h m en t th re a ts am on g th e gen era l pu blic to dete r crim es, re d u ctio n of motiv ato rs th at le a d to crim e, re d u ctio n of th e co n se q u en ces of crim es th at may occu r, an d pro te ctio n of vu ln era b le ta rg ets whic h ca n be c rim e v ic tim s. A ll t h ese p ra ctic es a re a im ed a t t h e s o le p u rp ose o f p re v en tio n o f c rim e. 2. Exp la in how th e th eo retic a l best pra ctic e s are, an d are not, man if e ste d in cu rren t co rrectio n al s e ttin gs i n t h e U nit e d S ta te s.  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Spellin g m is ta ke: Mouso ura kis  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Passiv e v oic e: crim in als a re r e fo rm ed b y  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Passiv e v oic e: hen ce a re r e co ncil e d b y  Passiv e v oic e: have b een a ffe cte d  assis t, a ssis ta nce ( h elp ): assis t  help  Spellin g m is ta ke: Aliv erd in ia  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Thre e s u ccessiv e s e n te n ces b eg in w it…: The  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Spellin g m is ta ke: Gavrie lid es  Red und ant p hra se : gen era l p ublic  public esse n tia l fo r th e sm ooth ru nnin g of th e crim in al ju stic e sy ste m ( Mou so u ra k is 201 8). Resto ra tiv e pra ctic es en ta il cre a tin g good re la tio n sh ip s betw een peo ple to re p air harm , decre a se crim e, an d bu ild hea lt h y so cie tie s . Crim e pre v en tio n aim s at re d u cin g an d at th e sa m e tim e dete rrin g crim in als an d crim e. Corre ctio n s are where crim in als are re fo rm ed by co n fin em en t as a pu nis h m en t. Sig n if ic a n tly , best pra ctic es in co rre ctio n s, crim e pre v en tio n , an d re sto ra tiv e ju stic e a re r e la te d . Theo re tic a l ap pro ach es to re sto ra tiv e ju stic e en ta il cir c le s, fa m ily gro u p co n fe re n cin g, an d vic tim -o ffe n der med ia tio n . The med ia tio n betw een th e offe n ders an d vic tim s dis c u sse s th e gen era l id ea th at a pers o n who has been hu rt by an oth er ca n fe el bette r if th e partie s ta lk ab ou t it (R ogers & Mille r 201 8). The th eo re tic a l pra ctic e ad voca te s fo r a meetin g betw een offe n ders an d vic tim s an d hen ce are re co n cile d by a tr a in ed med ia to r. Con se q u en tly , th e th eo ry of fa m ily gro u p co n fe re n cin g ap plie s th e sa m e id ea as re sto ra tiv e ju stic e. In th e fa m ily gro u p co n fe re n cin g it is th e peo ple who hav e been affe cte d by th e crim e as week as su pporte rs , frie n ds, fa m ilie s, an d th e offe n ders sh arin g th eir ex perie n ces . Each affe cte d party desc rib es th e im pacts of th e in cid en t on th eir liv es an d th e narra tio n s assis t th e crim in als to unders ta n d th e im pact of th eir actio n s on th e liv es of th e vic tim s an d th eir fa m ilie s ( Aliv erd in ia & Ansa ri 201 9 ). The vic tim sh ou ld re co m men d th e desir e d ou tc o m e of what sh ou ld hap pen to th e offe n der fo r th eir actio n s acco rd in g to th e fa m ily gro u p co n fe re n cin g th eo ry . The fa m ily gro u p co n fe re n cin g ap pro ach su ggests th at all partie s sh ou ld hav e an in pu t in so lv in g th eir pro ble m th ro u gh co n tr ib u tio n s. The cir c le s su ch as su pport, ta lk in g, an d pea cem ak in g are als o a re sto ra tiv e ju stic e ap pro ach (S ch if f 201 8). Thom as et al., (2 01 9), cir c le s offe r a hea lin g re sp on se to crim e in a re sp ectf u l, eg alit a ria n , an d open dia lo gu e. All th e th eo re tic a l best Corre ctio n al fa cilit ie s pla y an esse n tia l ro le in th e crim in al ju stic e sy ste m as co n vic te d crim in als are allo w ed to se rv e co rre ctio n s in a co rre ctio n al fa cilit y ( Mou so u ra k is 201 8). A co rre ctio n al cen te r is a pla ce where crim in als se rv e th eir co rre ctio n al pro cess th ro u gh im pris o n m en t as a pu nis h m en t beca u se it dep riv es th em of man y fre ed om s . Rogers an d Mille r (2 01 8) in ca rc era te d peo ple , in ad dit io n to th eir pu nis h m en t, le a rn man y new th in gs du rin g th eir im pris o n m en t th at ca n help th em beco m e bette r peo ple in so cie ty an d le a v e a lif e of crim e. TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 4 Som e of th e best co rre ctio n al pra ctic es su ggeste d by th eo ry on th is to pic in clu de a model of ch an ge th at sh ow s ex actly how th e co rre ctio n al pro cess will affe ct an offe n der’s lif e . The model pro vid es a cle a r ex pla n atio n th at th e co rre ctio n al pro cess will in flu en ce crim in al beh av io r an d sh ou ld be ab le to id en tif y th e dy nam ic ris k fa cto rs th at le a d to crim in al beh av io r of in div id u als an d th u s effe ctiv ely dea l wit h th em ( Aliv erd in ia & Ansa ri 201 9). Oth er re m ed ia l pra ctic es en ta il co n se q u en ces th at may re su lt fro m non co m plia n ce an d re w ard s fo r meetin g th e beh av io ra l ex pecta tio n s pla ced upon th em . In ad dit io n , th e use of effe ctiv e ev id en ce-b ase d meth ods, ap pro pria te co m munic a tio n sy ste m s, an d co rre ctio n al ap pro ach es to offe n ders so th at th ey k now w hat i s e x pecte d o f t h em . Nota b ly , co rre ctio n al in stit u tio n s in th e Unit e d Sta te s hav e im ple m en te d most of th e th eo re tic a l best pra ctic es aim ed at th e re h ab ilit a tio n of offe n ders , whic h re d u ces th e re cid iv is m of offe n ders when th ey re tu rn to so cie ty (S ch if f 201 8). Those in ca rc era te d are giv en cle a r gu id an ce on how to re w ard th ose who co m ply , th e co n se q u en ces of non -c o m plia n ce , an d why th ey are in dete n tio n fa cilit ie s. Durin g in ca rc era tio n , psy ch olo gis ts als o help asse ss th e ris k fa cto rs th at pre d is p ose crim in als to co m mit a crim e. Such asse ssm en ts help id en tif y crim in ogen ic ris k s th at ca n be ad dre sse d to re d u ce th e lik elih ood of re o ffe n din g afte r an offe n der is re le a se d fro m pris o n (T hom as et al., 201 9). Befo re offe n ders are re le a se d back in to so cie ty , a ris k asse ssm en t is ca rrie d ou t base d on th e in div id u al’s beh av io ra l pro gre ss to dete rm in e wheth er th ey are re a d y to le a v e a lif e of crim e an d beco m e good cit iz en s of so cie ty . The co rre ctio n al sy ste m in th e Unit e d Sta te s als o en su re s sm ooth re in te g ra tio n in to so cie ty by assig n in g re le a se d offe n ders to co m munit y offic ers who help mon it o r th eir pro gre ss an d assis t th em i n s m ooth r e in te g ra tio n i n to s o cie ty ( Gav rie lid es 2 01 8 ). 3. Exp la in dif fe ren t ways to im pro v e reh ab ilit a tiv e se rv ic e s to mak e th em more rea d ily utiliz ed wit h in th e cr im in al ju stic e sy ste m , an d bette r alig n ed to th e th eo retic a l b est p ra ctic e s y ou i d en tif ie d . TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 5  Spellin g m is ta ke: Mouso ura kis  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Spellin g m is ta ke: Aliv erd in ia  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Cohere n t s p el…: non-c o m plia nc…  nonco m plia nce  Spellin g m is ta k…: crim in og en ic  ca rc in og en ic  Spellin g m is ta ke: re o ffe n d in g  re o ffe n d in g  assis t, a ssis ta nce ( h elp ): assis t  help  Spellin g m is ta ke: Gavrie lid es  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity Reh ab ilit a tio n se rv ic es aim to fre e peo ple fro m a lif e of crim e so th at th ey ca n beco m e bette r peo ple in so cie ty (Z hen g 202 1). Mou so u ra k is (2 01 8), effe ctiv e re h ab ilit a tio n se rv ic es le a d to a bette r so cie ty as offe n ders ca n re a liz e th at th eir actio n s neg ativ ely affe ct th e liv es of oth ers an d th u s str iv e to beco m e bette r peo ple afte r underg oin g th e re h ab ilit a tio n pro cess. Exis tin g re h ab ilit a tio n se rv ic es ca n be im pro ved to hav e a gre a te r im pact on offe n ders by alig n in g se rv ic es wit h best pra ctic es (R ogers & Mille r 201 8). More atte n tio n sh ou ld be paid to TH E T H EO RETIC A L B EST P R A CTIC ES 6 Refe re n ces Aliv erd in ia , A., & Ansa ri, P. (2 01 9). Crim e Pre v en tio n Str a te g ie s: Resto ra tiv e Ju stic e as an Alt e rn ativ e to Tra d it io n al Dete rre n ce an d Crim in al Ju stic e. Socio -C ultu ra l Str a te g y , 8 (1 ), 1 47-1 74. Gav rie lid es, T. (2 01 8). Epilo gu e: Resto ra tiv e ju stic e wit h ca re an d re sp on sib ilit y : new dir e ctio n s in re sto ra tiv e ju stic e th eo ry , pra ctic e, an d crit ic a l th in kin g. In Routle d ge in te rn atio nal h andbook o f r e sto ra tiv e j u stic e ( p p. 4 88-5 03 ). R ou tle d ge. Mou so u ra k is , G. (2 01 8). Resto ra tiv e ju stic e: Pers p ectiv es on co n te m pora ry th eo re tic a l an d em pir ic a l i s su es. Hungaria n J o urn al o f L eg al S tu die s , 59 (3 ), 2 43-2 59. Rogers , R., & Mille r, H. V. (2 01 8). Resto ra tiv e ju stic e. The Handbook of Socia l Contr o l , 167 – 180. Sch if f, M. (2 01 8). Can re sto ra tiv e ju stic e dis ru pt th e ‘s c h ool- to -p ris o n pip elin e?’. Conte m pora ry J u stic e R evie w , 21 (2 ), 1 21-1 39. Thom as, E. C., Bilg er, A., Wils o n , A. B., & Dra in e, J. (2 01 9). Con cep tu aliz in g re sto ra tiv e ju stic e fo r peo ple wit h men ta l illn esse s le a v in g pris o n or ja il. Am eric a n Jo urn al of Orth opsy ch ia tr y , 89 (6 ), 6 93 . Zhen g, J. (2 02 1). A stu dy of psy ch o-c o rre ctio n dis c o u rs e in co m munit y co rre ctio n under re sto ra tiv e ju stic e fro m th e pers p ectiv e of in div id u atio n . In te rn atio nal Jo urn al of Speech , L anguage a nd t h e L aw , 28 (1 ), 1 39-1 43.  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Spellin g m is ta ke: Mouso ura kis  Red und ant p hra se : main f o cu s  fo cu s  Spellin g m is ta k…: crim in og en ic  ca rc in og en ic  Spellin g m is ta ke: Aliv erd in ia  Passiv e v oic e: have b een ta ken  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity  Adapt to v . a d opt to : ad opt to  ad apt to  Web C onte n t: http : // re a l.m ta k.h u / 93922 /  Web C onte n t: http s: // web net.f a u.e d u / sw -c j / docu m en ts / cv -s c h if f.p d f …th e id en tif ic a tio n of ris k fa cto rs so th at th e main fo cu s ca n be pla ced on co m batin g crim in ogen ic ris k s, th ere b y cre a tin g a gre a te r im pact on th e liv es of offe n ders by elim in atin g th eir crim in al beh av io r or te n den cie s ( Aliv erd in ia & Ansa ri 201 9 ). Post-s e n te n ce asse ssm en t of offe n ders sh ou ld dete rm in e wheth er in div id u al motiv es fo r offe n din g hav e been ta k en in to acco u nt t o e n su re t h ey d o n ot r e -o ffe n d. Con clu sio n In co n clu sio n , th eo re tic a l best pra ctic es fo r co rre ctio n s, crim e pre v en tio n , an d re co very are im porta n t in gu id in g how crim in al ju stic e sy ste m s ad dre ss vario u s ch alle n ges. Resto ra tiv e ju stic e pra ctic es are vit a l beca u se th ey allo w offe n ders to unders ta n d th e im pact of th eir actio n s on oth ers , th u s giv in g th em a re a so n to mak e am en ds. Crim e pre v en tio n th eo ry is als o vit a l beca u se it pro vid es th e ap pro ach es th at th e crim in al ju stic e sy ste m sh ou ld ad opt to dete r fu tu re crim e. Corre ctio n al mea su re s help th e crim in al to re h ab ilit a te an d th u s beco m e a mora lly uprig h t pers o n in so cie ty . The Unit e d Sta te s crim in al ju stic e sy ste m must im ple m en t th eo re tic a l best pra ctic es fo r co rre ctio n , crim e pre v en tio n , an d re h ab ilit a tio n as th ey ben efit so cie ty .  Stu d en t: Subm itte d to G ra nd C any on U niv ers ity