Lab Report: Nervous System Lab Report: Brain & Special Senses
BioLab3 Brain and Senses Lab Report Name, date, course and section required for password: The lab report is unique each semester and checks have been put into place to ensure students are doing their own work. Copying from other students or from outside sources will result in a zero on the accompanying lab quiz. Central Nervous System Describe the location and function of the hypothalamus. Which lobe of the brain is involved with visual association? Refer to Lab, Exercise 1, Step 1. What is the name and function of the structure labeled J? Refer to Lab, Exercise 1, Step 1. What is the name and function of the structure labeled O? List three structures included in the hindbrain. Special Senses What structure of the eye contains the cones? What is the function of the optic nerve? Follow the instructions to complete the visual tests in Exercises 2 and 3 to determine your blind spot and near point. Record the distance of your blind spot in each eye in the table below. Eye Distance (cm) Right Left Record the distance of your near point in each eye. Eye Distance (cm) Right Left Refer to Lab, Exercise 10. Was the subject in the video able to hear the sound equally in both ears? What is the function of the cochlea of the ear? Compare myopia with hyperopia. What causes cataracts? What is the name of the organ of smell? Refer to Lab, Exercise 12. Were you able to hear all 3 frequencies? If not, which one? What is the benefit of binocular vision? Summary Questions Describe the four lobes of the brain and what each one controls. How can nearsightedness be corrected? What is the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium? Name the darkly pigmented nutritive layer of the eye. What part of the brain is responsible for respiration and circulation? Describe the type of receptor that aids in color detection. What happens to the near point as a person gets older? Name the three ossicles of the middle ear. As a child is learning to talk, they are developing what lobe of the brain? How can you determine if you have astigmatism? © 2022 Access Learning Systems SP23 3
Lab Report: Nervous System Lab Report: Brain & Special Senses
BioLab3 Nervous System Lab Report Name, date, course and section required for password: The lab report is unique each semester and checks have been put into place to ensure students are doing their own work. Copying from other students or from outside sources will result in a zero on the accompanying lab quiz. Neuron The Central Nervous System consist of: The Peripheral Nervous system consists of: In Ex 1, observe the slides of the parts of a neuron and list the function of those parts from Step 1: Neuron structure Function A Dendrite B Cell body C Myelin sheath D Nodes of Ranvier E Axon terminal F Axon Vesicles Synapse Exercise 1. Draw a reflex arc and label the following: sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, stimulus, synapse, axon terminal, axon, dendrite, cell body, and effector. Sign, date, and prepare an image of your drawing and include with your lab report. B. Classes of Neurons Complete the table of three classes of neurons Class of Neuron Stimulus from Stimulus to Sensory Motor Interneuron Central Nervous System Observe the cross section of the spinal cord and fill out the comparison table. Name of structure Location Function Meninges Gray matter Gray commissure Funiculus Dorsal root and ganglia Ventral root Ex 2, Steps 2-4 Follow the path of a reflex arc from stimulus to response. Reflex Of the following descriptions, highlight the feature that DOES NOT describe a reflex. Simple involuntary response to a stimulus Includes a receptor, sensory neuron, motor neuron and effector It is the simplest functional unit of the nervous system that detects and responds to change The effector can respond with varying degrees of intensity A reflex is specific, involuntary, and repetitious Stretch or Tendon Reflex In Ex 3, watch the video demonstration of steps 1-3, then describe what happens in the patellar tendon reflex. Pupillary Reflex In Ex 4, go through Steps 1-3. You can do this with a partner or observe your own eyes through a mirror. Which is faster, constriction or dilation of the pupils? Complex Reflex In Ex 5, follow the instructions in Step 1. Why is it impossible to swallow several times in quick succession? Why is a reflex sometimes referred to as a “no brainer”? Reaction How are reactions different from reflexes? In Ex 6, watch the video demonstration. Complete the exercise using a ruler and record your data below: Trial Distance (cm) Trial Distance (cm) 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 5 10 Was there a change in the reaction time during the ten trials? Explain. Sensations The smallest part of a sense organ that responds to stimuli is: Skin Receptors Ex 7, observe the slides of the 5 skin receptors and complete the table: Skin Receptor Location in skin Sensations they detect Free nerve endings Meissner’s corpuscles Pacinian corpuscles End bulb of Krause Ruffini’s corpuscles Modality What are the 4 modalities tested in this experiment? Projection Referred pain is when the pain is felt in a different area of the body from where the stimulus is. Give two examples. Adaptation When the sensation to a stimulus gets less intense over time and the person may not even notice it is called: Watch the video demonstration and follow steps for Lab Ex 10. Give a brief summary of results. Ex 11, how many pennies can you stack on your arm before you feel it? Summary Questions Highlight the correct statement concerning the direction the action potential travels in a nerve cell? dendrites to cell body cell body to axon axon to axon terminals all of these are correct Name some areas of the body that would have sensory neurons. In the skin which of the 5 sensory receptor cells are not encapsulated and what sensations does it respond to? Compare reflexes and reaction in the comparison chart Action Involuntary Y/N Goes to Brain Cortex Y/N Examples Reflex Reaction . Match the example to the type of sensation: Modality ____ a. elbow in ice is felt in forearm and hand Projection ____ b. you no longer feel the clothes on your body Adaptation ____ c. specific stimuli trigger specific sensory receptors © 2022 Access Learning Systems FA22 5