Assesment 1

 

A practitioner is observing and taking notes on a client. There are several toys available for the client to play with. None of the items are removed after the client becomes engaged with them.

Video Player

00:00

00:00

• None
• English

QUESTION 1 of 23

What type of stimulus preference assessment is presented in this video?

Select one answer

1. a) Single stimulus.

Correctb) Free operant.

1. c) Paired stimulus.
2. d) Multiple stimulus.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

Single stimulus, paired stimulus, and multiple stimulus assessments do not allow free unrestricted access to numerous activities, whereas this one – free operant – does. Also, once the client engages in one of the activities in the free operant assessment, it is not removed, nor are the others. In other types of assessments, reinforcers that the client engages with are removed.1 point

QUESTION 2 of 23

What are the advantages of this type of stimulus preference assessment?

Select one answer

1. a) The free operant assessment can be contrived or conducted in naturalistic settings.

Incorrectb) According to Ortiz and Carr (2000), free operant is less likely to produce aberrant behavior that might otherwise be observed if the stimulus is removed.

1. c) None of the above.

Correctd) Both A and B.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is d.

Both A and B are true; the free operant assessment can be conducted in naturalistic settings, and it is less likely to produce aberrant behavior that might otherwise be observed if the stimulus is removed.0 points

QUESTION 3 of 23

Which of the following is the highest-preference stimulus for the client?

Select one answer

Incorrecta) Spinner.

1. b) Book.
2. c) Ball.

Correctd) Stuffed animal.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is d.

The client chose to play with the stuffed animal first making it the highest-preference stimulus.0 points

QUESTION 4 of 23

Free operant observation can be conducted in two ways. What are they?

Select one answer

1. a) Contrived free operant observation.
2. b) Contingency free operant observation.
3. c) Naturalistic free operant observation.

Correctd) Both A and B.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

A free operant observation can be conducted as a contrived or a contingency-free operant observation.1 point

QUESTION 5 of 23

When would a practitioner use contrived free operant observation?

Select one answer

1. a) The practitioner does not use this observation; instead, the parent does.

Correctb) To determine whether, when, how, and the extent to which the person engages with each of a predetermined set of activities and materials.

1. c) None of the above.
2. d) Both A and B.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The practitioner would usually conduct the assessment. If a parent was going to do a free operant observation, proper training would need to be conducted first. The observation is conducted when the practitioner wants to determine whether, when, how, and the extent to which the person engages with each of a predetermined set of activities and materials.1 point

QUESTION 6 of 23

Where would naturalistic free operant observations take place?

Select one answer

1. a) In the practitioner’s office.
2. b) In a doctor’s office.

Correctc) In a client’s everyday environment.

1. d) In a room with a two-way mirror.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

In naturalistic free operant, observations are conducted in the client’s everyday environment. Offices or a room with a two-way mirror would be very controlled and not natural.1 point

This tab is complete. Continue to the next tab.

QUESTION 7 of 23

What type of stimulus preference assessment is represented in the images?

Select one answer

Correcta) Single stimulus.

1. b) Free operant.
2. c) Multiple stimulus.
3. d) Paired stimulus.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

A single stimulus assessment presents only one item at a time, and the preferences are noted based on the client’s reactions.1 point

QUESTION 8 of 23

What was the identified reinforcer for the client?

Select one answer

1. a) Blocks.
2. b) Book.
3. c) Puzzle.

Correctd) Doll.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The client frowned when presented with the blocks and the book. Based on the client’s reactions, these stimuli are not wanted. A puzzle was not presented. The client smiled when presented with the doll, which is the identified reinforcer.1 point

QUESTION 9 of 23

When is it best to use a single stimulus assessment?

Select one answer

Correcta) When the individual has difficulty selecting among two or more stimuli.

1. b) When the client has two or more stimuli to choose from.
2. c) When the client has three or more stimuli to choose from.
3. d) It is never a good idea to use single stimulus assessment.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

Single stimulus assessments only present one stimulus at a time, but it is best to use them when the client in question has difficulty selecting among two or more stimuli.1 point

QUESTION 10 of 23

The single stimulus presentation method is also referred to as:

Select one answer

Incorrecta) The only choice.

Correctb) Successive choice.

1. c) Stimulus choice.
2. d) Target choice.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is b.

Single stimulus is also known as successive choice and is the most basic assessment available for determining preference.0 points

This tab is complete. Continue to the next tab.

QUESTION 11 of 23

What type of stimulus preference assessment was presented?

Select one answer

Correcta) Paired stimulus.

1. b) Free operant.
2. c) Multiple stimulus.
3. d) Single stimulus.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

A paired stimulus preference assessment simultaneously presents two stimuli, while an observer records which one the client chooses.1 point

QUESTION 12 of 23

What was the identified reinforcer for the client?

Select one answer

1. a) Ball.
2. b) Doll.

Correctc) Blocks.

1. d) Puzzle.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The doll, puzzle, and ball were all presented with the blocks, but because the client pointed at the blocks each time, the blocks are the identified reinforcer.1 point

QUESTION 13 of 23

What are the advantages of this type of stimulus preference assessment?

Select one answer

Incorrecta) In research, paired stimulus sometimes outperforms single stimulus presentations with respect to ultimately identifying reinforcers.

1. b) Paired stimulus presentations yield more accurate distinctions between high- and low-preference items than do single stimulus presentations.

Correctc) Both A and B.

1. d) None of the above

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is c.

Both A and B are true. Paired stimulus does sometimes outperforms single stimulus presentations with respect to ultimately identifying reinforcers, and they yield more accurate distinctions between high- and low-preference items than do single stimulus presentations.0 points

QUESTION 14 of 23

What are the disadvantages of this type of stimulus preference assessment?

Select one answer

Correcta) Paired stimulus assessments may take more time than the simultaneous presentation of an array of multiple stimuli.

1. b) This type of assessment does not provide a true indication of a client’s reinforcers.
2. c) Paired stimulus presentations yield more accurate distinctions between high- and low-preference items than single stimulus presentations.
3. d) None of the above.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

A paired stimulus assessment’s effectiveness in identifying reinforcers, and its more accurate distinctions between high- and low-preference items, are benefits of using it. But the amount of time paired stimulus takes can be a disadvantage.1 point

QUESTION 15 of 23

Paired stimulus is sometimes referred to as:

Select one answer

1. a) Target choice.
2. b) Second choice.

Correctc) Forced choice.

Incorrectd) Stimulus choice.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is c.

Paired stimulus is also referred to as forced choice.0 points

This tab is complete. Continue to the next tab.

QUESTION 16 of 23

What type of stimulus preference assessment is represented here?

Select one answer

Correcta) Multiple stimulus without replacement.

1. b) Paired stimulus.
2. c) Free operant.

Incorrectd) Multiple stimulus with replacement.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is a.

Free operant and paired stimulus assessments do not require the client to choose a preferred stimulus from an array of three or more stimuli. Multiple stimulus with replacement does require the client to choose a preferred stimulus from an array of three or more stimuli, but in this example, the previously chosen item was taken out of the array, making it multiple stimulus without replacement.0 points

QUESTION 17 of 23

What was the high-preference stimulus for the client?

Select one answer

1. a) Ball.

Correctb) Blocks.

1. c) Stuffed animal.
2. d) Book.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The client chose the blocks first indicating that it was the highest-preference stimulus.1 point

QUESTION 18 of 23

Multiple stimulus assessment is an extension of which procedure?

Select one answer

1. a) Free operant.

Correctb) Paired stimulus.

1. c) Brief stimulus.
2. d) Single stimulus.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

Multiple stimulus assessment is an extension of the paired stimulus procedure developed by Fisher and colleagues (1992).1 point

QUESTION 19 of 23

When presenting three or more stimuli together, assessment time is:

Select one answer

Incorrecta) Added.

Correctb) Reduced.

1. c) Neutral.
2. d) None of the above.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is b.

When presenting multiple stimulus assessments, the practitioner can present multiple stimuli simultaneously, reducing the amount of time required.0 points

This tab is complete. Continue to the next tab.

QUESTION 20 of 23

What type of stimulus preference assessment is represented here?

Select one answer

1. a) Multiple stimulus with replacement.
2. b) Free operant.

Correctc) Multiple stimulus without replacement.

1. d) Paired stimulus.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

This assessment does require the client to choose a preferred stimulus from an array of three or more stimuli. However, the chosen stimulus is removed, making it a multiple stimulus without replacement assessment.1 point

QUESTION 21 of 23

What is one limitation observed in the video?

Select one answer

1. a) The removed items were still within view.

Incorrectb) Removed items too soon, which might trigger problem behavior.

1. c) There are too few stimuli in the array.

Correctd) a and b.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is incorrect. The correct answer is d.

Leaving the removed items within view, might indicate that the items are available to the client. Also removing items from the client too soon, might trigger problem behavior.0 points

QUESTION 22 of 23

What was the medium-preference stimulus for the client?

Select one answer

1. a) Ball.
2. b) Doll.
3. c) Blocks.

Correctd) Spinner.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The blocks had already been removed, because they were labeled high-preference. The spinner was the client’s medium-preference stimulus.1 point

QUESTION 23 of 23

What was the low-preference stimulus for the client?

Select one answer

1. a) Doll.
2. b) Blocks.

Correctc) Vehicle.

1. d) Spinner.

FEEDBACK

Your answer is correct.

The spinner and blocks had already been removed because they were labeled as the client’s high- and medium-preference stimuli. The vehicle was the client’s low-preference stimulus.1 point