Considerations in Selecting Models of Systems

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According to Rosenfeld et al. (2009), public health  officials are familiar with models in three categories: natural  disasters, disease transmission, and technological models (e.g.,  chemical or radiologic plume dispersal patterns). Although most  officials would prefer to have standardized models put in place by the  state so there would be standardized data and responses, they cited  quality and applicability-related factors that should be the  determinants of their model choice and that an “all hazard” model, which  could address a variety of public health issues would be ideal.

The factors that affect the use and adaptation of computer models were listed as follows:

  • Validity
  • Reliability
  • Authorship
  • Accessibility
  • Scalability
  • Relevance
  • Capacity
  • Applicability

Using the module readings, Argosy University online  library resources, and Internet sources, research public health system  models. Then, based on your research, respond to the following:

  • Explain the advantages of specialized models versus an extensive system modeling.
  • Express your views about data extrapolated by computer modeling  versus information provided by experienced and knowledgeable staff.
  • Support your positions with appropriate references.

Write your initial response in approximately 300 words.

Assignment 2: The Multiplier Effect

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  1. Go to “FRB: Press Release—FOMC statement—December 16, 2009.”
  2.  You should now find a press release from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, dated December 16, 2009, which discusses the decisions of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) for that date.

This release also states that the Federal Reserve is in the process of purchasing $1.25 trillion of agency mortgage-backed securities and about $175 billion of agency debt. Additionally, the release states that the FOMC has decided to gradually reduce “the pace” of such Fed purchases. Discuss why you believe that the FOMC has made such a decision, and explain the consequences of such a decision on the economy.

In your answer, discuss the Federal Reserve’s use of open-market operations to influence the money supply and the respective consequences of such actions. Include a discussion of the money multiplier effect in your response. Justify your conclusions and provide appropriate examples.

Using Microsoft Word, submit your responses in the form of a short paper (1 ½ – 2 pages).

By the due date assigned, submit your responses to the Submissions Area.

Single-Payer Healthcare

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The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) was implemented primarily to provide access to health insurance for those who would not otherwise be insured. The ACA is not designed as a single-payer healthcare system although some of its architects as well as its detractors see the ACA as steering the United States toward one.

Research the single-payer approach to healthcare delivery using your textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet.

In a 3–4-page paper, address the following:

  • Define a single-payer system and identify a country where it is used.
  • Using demonstrated research findings, describe the strengths and weaknesses of a single-payer healthcare system.
  • Based on your current situation in terms of healthcare coverage (insured by an employer, covered under a parent’s or spouse’s policy, receiving government benefits, uninsured, etc.), explain how a single-payer plan would affect how you receive healthcare. Do you favor a single-payer approach? Why, or why not?
  • If you were to design a single-payer system, explain how you would address the challenges.

Write a 3 page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M4_A2.doc.

Cardiovascular Disease

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Assignment 2: Cohort Follow-up Studies: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Due Week 7 and worth 240 pointsUse the Internet and Strayer databases, and recall your readings in Chapter 11 of Introduction to Epidemiology and Chapter 7 of Epidemiology for Public Health Practice to complete this assignment.Write a five to six (5-6) page paper in which you:Through cohort study designs and other evidence-based management studies, identify the major causes of CVD, and analyze the key steps, including current medications, used to address the disease.Develop at least five (5) leading questions that may be posed to your local health department in regard to mitigating the proliferation of the disease. Provide a sound rationale for raising these questions.Based on the five (5) questions you developed in Question two (2), provide a rudimentary protocol to disseminate this information to your local community leaders.Recommend six (6) steps that may be given to your current or previous place of employment to prevent the proliferation of CVD. Provide support for your recommendations.Use at least six (6) peer-reviewed academic resources in this assignment. These must come from journal sources. Note: Fact Sheets, Wikipedia, and non-academic Websites do not qualify as academic resources.Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:Analyze evidence-based management, case-control studies, cohorts and randomized clinical trials utilized in clinical epidemiology, and decision making.Examine the application of epidemiology to specific diseases.Use technology and information resources to research issues in managerial epidemiology.Write clearly and concisely about managerial epidemiology using proper writing mechanics.Click here to view the grading rubric for this assignment

The Future Of Social Security

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In the last few years, the fate of the Social Security administration has come into question. The system faces various challenges like the growing number of retirees and the shrinking number of workers paying into the system. In this module, you will look at possible solutions to such problems. You will also examine the political and economic consequences of implementing changes in public policy.

Your textbook proposes several solutions for maintaining the solvency of the Social Security administration.

  • Select one solution from the textbook that you believe might be effective.
  • Using the Social Security Administration Web site (www.ssa.gov) and the Argosy University online library, research the arguments made in support of this solution.

Social Security in the United States averages to about 40 percent of the citizens’ wages. This is two-thirds of the international average, which is about 60 percent (Macionis, 2009). In addition, politicians in the United States want to cut benefits further. Keeping this in mind, respond to the following:

  • Explain reasons for the disparity in Social Security between the United States and other industrialized countries.
  • Discuss whether cutting benefits is a good policy decision for the United States.
  • Give examples and reasons in support of your response.

Provide appropriate justification for your analysis.

Write your initial response in 200­–300 words. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.

By the due date assigned, post your response to the appropriate Discussion Area. Through the end of the module, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses. Cover the following items in your posts:

  • Provide a statement of clarification.
  • Provide a point of view with rationale.
  • Challenge a point of discussion, or draw a relationship between one or more points of the discussion.

Grading Rubric

Fossil Fuels Versus Renewable Energy

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In physics, energy is defined as the ability to do work. When most people think of energy, they think of electricity. The energy that is used to produce electricity is derived from a number of resources. Much of the energy used today is obtained from fossil fuels. However, these resources are limited. As a result, alternative and renewable resources are being explored for production of electricity.

Using the readings for this module, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, respond to the following:

  • Discuss the scientific and technical concepts related to the uses of fossil fuels and renewable energy resources.
    • Consider how fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are utilized for production of electricity.
    • Consider how alternative and renewable resources such as wind turbines, hydroelectric power, wave power, and geothermal energy are utilized to either produce electrical energy or provide an alternative to electricity consumption.
  • Explain the advantages and disadvantages related to both fossil fuels and renewable energy resources such as wind power, hydroelectricity, geothermal energy, and biomass.
    • Consider issues such as availability of the resource, sustainability of the technology, and environmental impact.
  • Provide 2–3 examples of the uses of both types of energy resources that are utilized in your community.

Support your statements with examples. Provide a minimum of three scholarly references.

Write your initial response in 2–3 paragraphs. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.

Health Education

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1.The impact of changing legal and regulatory environments on public health practice. Consider specific changes to health policy and law in recent years and explore how such changes will impact the practice of public health. Be sure to assess impacts to health status, financial implications, ethics, sustainability, etc.

 

2.The advantages and disadvantages of collaboration among public health organizations. Consider how working with individuals from different backgrounds may prove valuable, while simultaneously challenging; approximately three to five pros and three to five cons should be discussed.

 

3. The perspectives on the benefits, costs, and burdens of public health programs. Consider current views (patient, provider, government, etc.) of public health and its worth to the healthcare system. Comment on the difference in cost (monetary and otherwise) and benefits associated with healthcare systems that promote  prevention.

NOTE: Your paper should incorporate published evidence to support your discussion of ethics and law in public health, multidisciplinary strategies in public health, and perceptions of public health initiatives.

Coding Management And Compliance Unit 4 Assignment 1 Mapping And 2 Mapping Steps

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Assignment Purpose:

Mapping a clinical terminology to a HIPAA code set

Assignment Description

Step One: Determine if you would like to map LOINC to CPT or SNOMED to ICD-10-CM

Step Two: Determine 10 concepts that you would like to map

Step Three: Create a cross-walk map of the 10 concepts within the systems that you have selected

Step Four: Submit your cross-walk for grading

Separate Sheet

 

Assignment Purpose:

Identify steps in mapping

Assignment Description

You are preparing for the implementation of ICD-11-CM. You need to create a cross-walk map between ICD-10-CM and ICD-11 CM. Create a checklist of the steps you have to follow to complete the mapping process. Be sure to address both ICD-10-CM and ICD-11-CM. You check list should include any steps that might need to be take regarding evaluating or implementing electronic systems to make the change from ICD-10-CM to ICD-11-CM. Your check list should contain at least 30 steps.

LASA 1: Taking Action

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In this course, you have been introduced to ethics, social problems, and social policy. This assignment will prompt action from you to help resolve a social issue. You must learn about a problem, find a piece of legislation addressing your concern, and act to help solve the problem.

Using the textbook, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, do the following:

1. Identify the Problem

Select and research a social issue based on the course readings or personal interest.

Then, address the following:

  • Define and describe the social issue in detail using a variety of relevant outside sources.
  • Explain the social context of the social issue.
  • Identify and describe ethical concerns related to the social issue.
  • Determine what population is most impacted by the social issue.

2. Find the Legislation

Use credible government sources to find and learn about a piece of legislation related to your chosen social problem or issue.

Then, address the following:

  • Explain how the piece of current legislation relates to the social problem or issue. Make sure you provide a description of the piece of legislation.

3. Write an Advocacy Letter

In order to help resolve the social issue, you must take action. Identify your elected representative(s) and find their contact and e-mail addresses.

Write an advocacy letter regarding the piece of legislation and your support of or opposition to it.

The purpose of an advocacy letter is to support or oppose the legislation that affects a social issue of concern to you. This letter is a way for representatives to stay in touch with the constituents they represent. The letter consists of a brief introduction identifying and addressing the social issue of concern (through personal experience, if applicable), an identification of the piece of current legislation that addresses your chosen issue, and your request advocating your representative to support or oppose the legislation.

Be sure to address the following in your letter:

  • Identify the purpose of your letter.
  • Identify House bill (HR) or Senate bill (S) number of the legislation.
  • Briefly summarize the social problem or issue.
  • Explain the importance of the legislation as it relates to your issue.
  • Advocate for or against the legislation in a knowledgeable and respectful tone. This includes the following:
    • Evaluating the proposed impact of the legislation on target population
    • Proposing possible ways the legislation can influence the social problem or issue

Download and review samples of advocacy letters. Use either of the sample letters as a template for your own letter.

Write a 3-page report in Word format that begins with an Advocacy Letter followed by a supporting report of 3 pages. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M3_A2.doc.

Situational Reactions

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Read the following three situations. Describe what you would do in EACH situation. Integrate the elements of reasoning and intellectual standards in your writing to show an understanding of the material behind your personal example.

 

Do not worry about your answers being right or wrong – your work will be evaluated on its connection to the material – not the behavior you would engage in if you found yourself in these situations.

1.) Scenario A: You are a soldier in the U.S. Military and are deployed in a foreign country during a war. A raid on a suspected military target went wrong, and your squad opened fire on several innocent people. Your commander asks you and the rest of the squad to make it look like they opened fire up on you first.

  1. How would you respond?
  2. How might your response change (or would it change) if the rest of your squad didn’t agree with you?

2.) Scenario B: As a new police officer, you pull someone over for speeding. You note some suspicious behavior and feel it is justified for you to search the offender’s vehicle. After searching the vehicle, you confiscate several ounces of marijuana, which is still illegal in the state you serve.

You realize that the computer system is down, so you cannot chronicle this bust until you return to the station. After learning this, your partner, who is a decorated officer with more than 15 years on the force, pulls you aside and tells you that his wife is sick and he could really use that marijuana at home for medicinal purposes to help her with her pain.

  1. How would you respond to your partner?
  2. Does it make a difference that he is a much more experienced officer?

3.)Scenario C: Your child, Johnny, is a senior in high school, and has, up until this year, earned very good grades in his coursework. Because of his academic achievement, he has been awarded a full academic scholarship to a good university.

Now, Johnny has a first-year teacher who assigns work that seems inappropriately difficult, and Johnny is struggling. Though his grades in his other classes are exceptional, he will need to earn a C or better for this class if he hopes to keep his scholarship, and it all hinges on his score on the last assignment in this difficult class.

The assignment is on a topic that your professor did her graduate work on, so you know there’s no way a high schooler should be expected to do well in this assignment. Still, if Johnny doesn’t ace this assignment, he will not earn a good enough course grade to keep his scholarship.

  1. Do you actively help him complete the assignment, or do you let him do it himself, knowing that without your help he will fail the assignment, not because he isn’t smart enough or dedicated enough, but because the assignment is inappropriately difficult?

Your completed assignment should be written primarily in first person. If you use sources in your writing, be sure to identify them. If you use any direct language from a source, be sure to place those words in quotation marks.