1.Obtain the name of your U.S. representative, senator, governor, state, or local representative and write a letter to one of them addressing either a particular public health legislative priority for your particular town, city, or state, or one of the Healthy People 2020 health objectives https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectiv… that interests you and you would like for them to support.

2.You can look up your local government officials at https://www.usa.gov/local-governments state legislators at https://www.congress.gov/state-legislature-websites; your US Senator at www.senate.gov; your Representative at www.house.govand your governor at https://www.usa.gov/state-governor

3. Hint: if you are wondering about public health priorities where you live, you could search for the state affiliate of the American Public Health Association to see if they have produced a list of priorities similar to what was shared about Maryland’s public health priorities: prescription drug affordability, lowering blood lead action levels for kids, increasing the sale of age for tobacco products.)

Follow tips from the guest lecture on advocacy:

1. Keep it brief (not to exceed one page)
2. State who you are and what you want up front
3. Hit your three most important points
4. Personalize your letter and relationship with the health concern and/or relationship to the official
5. You are the expert (after all, you are almost finished a semester of “Introduction to Public Health”!)
6. End with a short but powerful ending that summarizes the need for addressing the health issue
7. Thank the official for his/her time and interest in the matter

City Name: washington DC,

Topic: medicare.

Personal experience: I had a small wound on my head and went to the emergency room of the hospital. Then I bought the insurance at school and let me pay $6,000. I finally agreed to help me by calling the insurance company several times. Pay a part of the cost.

Using a PowerPoint, write on “Complementary Medicine daily” using 2 recent articles that you have found regarding the topic.

In-text citation and references within the last 3 years.

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks

Her name was Henrietta Lacks, but scientists know her as HeLa. She was a poor black tobacco farmer whose cells—taken without her knowledge in 1951—became one of the most important tools in medicine, vital for developing the polio vaccine, cloning, gene mapping, in vitro fertilization, and more. Henrietta’s cells have been bought and sold by the billions, yet she remains virtually unknown, and her family can’t afford health insurance.

Soon to be made into an HBO movie by Oprah Winfrey and Alan Ball, this New York Times bestseller takes readers on an extraordinary journey, from the “colored” ward of Johns Hopkins Hospital in the 1950s to stark white laboratories with freezers filled with HeLa cells, from Henrietta’s small, dying hometown of Clover, Virginia, to East Baltimore today, where her children and grandchildren live and struggle with the legacy of her cells. The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks tells a riveting story of the collision between ethics, race, and medicine; of scientific discovery and faith healing; and of a daughter consumed with questions about the mother she never knew. It’s a story inextricably connected to the dark history of experimentation on African Americans, the birth of bioethics, and the legal battles over whether we control the stuff we’re made of.

Study Guide

• Explain how the development of the Pap smear improved the survival rate of women diagnosed with cervical cancer. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 3)

• Explain what an immortal cell line is. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 3)

• Explain how Gey’s roller-tube culturing method works. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 4)

• Paraphrase the information on page 50 describing the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 6)

• What did HeLa allow scientists to do for the first time? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 7)

• Give an example of propaganda that was used to fuel the public’s fear and distrust of tissue culture. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 7)

• What does Skloot realize after watching the BBC documentary about HeLa? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 9)

• Why did Henrietta’s doctors need to ask for permission to remove tissue samples after her death? How did Day initially respond to their request? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 12)

• Explain how a neutralization test is used to determine a vaccine’s efficacy. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• What unusual characteristics of HeLa cells made them ideal for use in the polio vaccine trials? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• Why did the Tuskegee Institute become involved in the mass production of HeLa cells? Describe the depth of the Institute’s involvement. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• Why did the fact that HeLa cells are malignant make them particularly useful in the study of viruses? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• Why was the development of methods of freezing cells an important scientific breakthrough? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• Why did scientists want to be able to clone cells for research? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 13)

• Describe the experiment that Chester Southam developed to test his hypothesis about HeLa. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 17)

• What scientific discoveries were made possible as a result of fused hybrid cells? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 18)

• What unique abilities did HeLa have that allowed it to contaminate cultures without researchers being aware that contamination had occurred? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 20)

• Did researchers explain why they wanted DNA samples from the Lacks family? Did the family give informed consent for the research done on those samples? Why did the Lacks family think the doctors were taking their blood? (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 23)

• Describe the lawsuit that set a legal precedent for patenting biological “products” such as cell lines. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 25)

• Describe the contribution that HeLa has made to research on the HIV virus and the AIDS epidemic. (Skloot, 2010, Chapter 27)

Quality Control:

There have been many complaints against Ceramic America that its commercial sinks are of poor quality. After the new better-quality type of home sink “Model Americano” company checks quality control by using the following three tests:

• Cracked or Chipped Ceramic: Pass (P) or Fail (F)
• Glaze Quality: Pass (P) or Fail (F)
• Stress Test: Pass (P) or Fail (F)

A sink gets a “Passing” grade if it passes all three of the above tests. Traditionally, 85% of its commercial sinks have gotten a “Passing” grade. Ceramic America would like to see if its passing rate is better than the traditional rate. Recently, 200 Model Americano sinks were randomly chosen from its manufacturing plants. The complete data set is in the file named Sinks.

Managerial Report:

Prepare a report for Ceramic America that summarizes your assessment of its Model Americano sinks. Be sure to include the following seven items in your report.

• To summarize the data, compute the proportion of all sinks that “Passed” the Cracked or Chipped test, “Passed” the Glaze Quality test, “Passed” the Stress Test.
• What do these three proportions tell you about the quality of sinks at Ceramic America?
• What graphical displays of data would you use to understand or explain the results of the survey?
• What is the point estimate of the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that got a “Passing” grade? Develop the 98% confidence interval for the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that got a “Passing” grade. Interpret what the confidence interval tells you about the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that got a “Passing” grade. What is the corresponding margin of error? How can the margin of error be decreased?
• Develop the 98% confidence interval for the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Cracked or Chipped test. Interpret what the confidence interval tells you about the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Cracked or Chipped test. What is the corresponding margin of error? How can the margin of error be decreased?
• Develop the 98% confidence interval for the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Glaze Quality test. Interpret what the confidence interval tells you about the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Glaze Quality test. What is the corresponding margin of error? How can the margin of error be decreased?
• Develop the 98% confidence interval for the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Stress test. Interpret what the confidence interval tells you about the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that passed the Stress test. What is the corresponding margin of error? How can the margin of error be decreased?
• Conduct a hypothesis test, using both the p-Value Approach and the Critical Value Approach, to determine if the proportion of all Model Americano sinks that get a “Passing” grade is larger than the traditional “Passing” rate. Use α = 0.02 level of significance. Do not forget to include the correctly worded hypothesis and show all of the steps required to conduct the hypothesis test.

• What would be possible effects of a lower and then of a higher level of significance?
• What other hypothesis tests would you use to better understand the quality of the sinks.
• What advice would you give to Ceramic America based upon your analysis of the data?
• What is the magnitude of the improvement (if any)?
• How can this study be improved?

Requirements:

• Write a four to five pages APA format report (counting the title page and references page) and cite at least one credible outside source.
• Submit your Excel file in addition to your report.

1) Please find my research attached.

2) Please read the 2 research papers by end of day Thursday. Dennis, Rachel attached.

Remember . . .

In lieu of class presentations:

I would like a dialog (conducted Friday through Sunday) on each of these research papers. In these dialogs, I would like to see you linking what we’ve learned in the class to the research in each paper and, if appropriate, pointing out research findings which may differ from or support our class readings (including topic summaries).

Here are the required postings:

1) Each author will respond to an instructor-posted question and, as the expert on the paper, student posted comments (assigned below). Instructor will be available to help as necessary on these dialogs.

2) In addition to covering the dialog on your paper, you must post at least once on two other papers. For example, Dennis covers the discussion on his research (i.e. responding to required posts submitted by other students; with my assistance as needed) and posts comments on Abdulelah’s and Walid’s research.

Below are the assignments for student comments (to ensure all research gets discussed). Safety tip: if everyone waits until Sunday to start posting, there will not be enough time to complete the assignment.

Author: Comments

Yasser: Dennis, Rachel

Checklist for minimum required posts:

As research author: _____ Instructor Question

_____ Response to #1 Student Comment

_____ Response to #2 Student Comment

Student commentators: ______ Comments on assigned Paper #1

______ Comments on assigned Paper #2

Any comments beyond the minimum requirements established above will be tallied for extra credit.