Question 1 of 50
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According to the social contract, what is the source of government’s legitimacy?
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Question 2 of 50
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What form of government did James Madison promote for the United States and why?
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Question 3 of 50
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All of the following were true of the government under the Articles of Confederation except
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Question 4 of 50
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Shays’ Rebellion was
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Question 5 of 50
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Federalism is defined as a political system in which
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Question 6 of 50
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In 2012, the five smallest states held roughly 0.5 percent of the seats in the U.S. House of Representatives and 10 percent of the seats in the U.S. Senate. These differing levels of representation of the five smallest states were the result of which decision during the Constitutional Convention?
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Question 7 of 50
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The question of counting slaves for the purposes of representation was ultimately resolved by counting:
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Question 8 of 50
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The constitutional safeguard that places legislative, executive, and judicial powers in different hands is called
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Question 9 of 50
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The principle that allows each of the branches of government to police the others is
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Question 10 of 50
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In the Constitution, civil rights issues arise under the clause.
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Question 11 of 50
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A major argument in favor of reducing the separation of powers called for in the U.S. Constitution is that it would
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Question 12 of 50
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Which of the following is not a category of claim arising under the establishment clause?
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Question 13 of 50
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The establishment clause guarantees
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Question 14 of 50
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The Lemon test established that
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Question 15 of 50
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Writing for the Supreme Court, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. proclaimed that the Congress could punish dangerous speech when that speech
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Question 16 of 50
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The exclusionary rule is the Supreme Court rule that states that
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Question 17 of 50
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Miranda v. Arizona held that
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Question 18 of 50
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The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is
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Question 19 of 50
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When Clarence Brandenburg vacated the street at a Ku Klux Klan cross-burning rally as ordered but threatened to reoccupy it later, the Supreme Court overturned his conviction by arguing that government can only restrict speech when it
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Question 20 of 50
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Burning the American flag is an example of
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Question 21 of 50
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The Supreme Court’s current definition of obscenity denies free-speech protection to materials or activities that
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Question 22 of 50
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Which is an example of an unconstitutional search?
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Question 23 of 50
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In the Gideon v. Wainright ruling, the Supreme Court
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Question 24 of 50
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The Supreme Court ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut is significant because it
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Question 25 of 50
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What is the definition of strict scrutiny?
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Question 26 of 50
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Laws in the post-Civil War South designed to restrict the social and economic autonomy of former slaves were called
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Question 27 of 50
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All of the following are indicia of suspectness except
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Question 28 of 50
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What is the definition of affirmative action?
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Question 29 of 50
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When President George W. Bush established the Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives in 2001 to allow religious organizations to compete for federal grants to provide federally funded social services, he was likely relying on which interpretation of the establishment clause of the First Amendment, establishing the separation of church and state?
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Question 30 of 50
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The founders adopted a federal system
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Question 31 of 50
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The Plan proposed equal representation for all states in the legislature.
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Question 32 of 50
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the system of checks and balances? a, presidents can veto legislation.
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Question 33 of 50
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Speech that directly incites damaging conduct is known as:
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Question 34 of 50
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The requirement that the judicial system must proceed according to law and with adequate protection for individual rights is known as:
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Question 35 of 50
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According to the Federalists, the advantage of federalism over a confederation was that the former
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Question 36 of 50
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The following is an example of a law that would only have to pass the reasonable standard where the government argues for the distinction on a rational basis.
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Question 37 of 50
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In Federalist No. 84, Alexander Hamilton argued against a Bill of Rights because he
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Question 38 of 50
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Which of the following types of cases would be afforded the intermediate scrutiny standard?
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Question 39 of 50
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The source of authority cited by the Supreme Court for applying the Bill of Rights to the states is
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Question 40 of 50
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According to the Supreme Court, saying prayers in public schools
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Question 41 of 50
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In the landmark case of Near v. Minnesota, the Supreme Court established the rule that
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Question 42 of 50
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Search warrants are not to be issued unless the standard of has been met.
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Question 43 of 50
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Which of the following Supreme Court rulings did not settle a claim under the free exercise clause?
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Question 44 of 50
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In Lawrence v. Texas the Supreme Court ruled that
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Question 45 of 50
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The legal methods used to deny African Americans the right to vote, such as literacy tests and poll taxes, were overcome by
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Question 46 of 50
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The impact of Plessy v. Ferguson was to
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Question 47 of 50
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The major impact of Brown v. Board of Education was that it
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Question 48 of 50
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Which of the following is NOT constitutional?
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Question 49 of 50
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American constitutional democracy has its theoretical origins in
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Question 50 of 50
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The process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis is
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