What form of government did James Madison promote for the United States and why?

All of the following were true of the government under the Articles of Confederation except

Shays’ Rebellion was

Federalism is defined as a political system in which

In 2012, the five smallest states held roughly 0.5 percent of the seats in the U.S. House of Representatives and 10 percent of the seats in the U.S. Senate. These differing levels of representation of the five smallest states were the result of which decision during the Constitutional Convention?

The question of counting slaves for the purposes of representation was ultimately resolved by counting:

The constitutional safeguard that places legislative, executive, and judicial powers in different hands is called

The principle that allows each of the branches of government to police the others is

In the Constitution, civil rights issues arise under the clause.

A major argument in favor of reducing the separation of powers called for in the U.S. Constitution is that it would

Which of the following is not a category of claim arising under the establishment clause?

The establishment clause guarantees

The Lemon test established that

Writing for the Supreme Court, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. proclaimed that the Congress could punish dangerous speech when that speech

The exclusionary rule is the Supreme Court rule that states that

Miranda v. Arizona held that

The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is

When Clarence Brandenburg vacated the street at a Ku Klux Klan cross-burning rally as ordered but threatened to reoccupy it later, the Supreme Court overturned his conviction by arguing that government can only restrict speech when it

Burning the American flag is an example of

The Supreme Court’s current definition of obscenity denies free-speech protection to materials or activities that

Which is an example of an unconstitutional search?

In the Gideon v. Wainright ruling, the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut is significant because it

What is the definition of strict scrutiny?

Laws in the post-Civil War South designed to restrict the social and economic autonomy of former slaves were called

All of the following are indicia of suspectness except

What is the definition of affirmative action?

When President George W. Bush established the Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives in 2001 to allow religious organizations to compete for federal grants to provide federally funded social services, he was likely relying on which interpretation of the establishment clause of the First Amendment, establishing the separation of church and state?

The founders adopted a federal system

The Plan proposed equal representation for all states in the legislature.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the system of checks and balances? a, presidents can veto legislation.

Speech that directly incites damaging conduct is known as:

The requirement that the judicial system must proceed according to law and with adequate protection for individual rights is known as:

According to the Federalists, the advantage of federalism over a confederation was that the former

The following is an example of a law that would only have to pass the reasonable standard where the government argues for the distinction on a rational basis.

In Federalist No. 84, Alexander Hamilton argued against a Bill of Rights because he

Which of the following types of cases would be afforded the intermediate scrutiny standard?

The source of authority cited by the Supreme Court for applying the Bill of Rights to the states is

According to the Supreme Court, saying prayers in public schools

In the landmark case of Near v. Minnesota, the Supreme Court established the rule that

Search warrants are not to be issued unless the standard of has been met.

Which of the following Supreme Court rulings did not settle a claim under the free exercise clause?

In Lawrence v. Texas the Supreme Court ruled that

The legal methods used to deny African Americans the right to vote, such as literacy tests and poll taxes, were overcome by

The impact of Plessy v. Ferguson was to

The major impact of Brown v. Board of Education was that it

Which of the following is NOT constitutional?

American constitutional democracy has its theoretical origins in

The process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states on a case-by-case basis is